Changes in Structure, Interstitial Cajal-like Cells and Apoptosis of Smooth Muscle Cells in Congenital Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction

Objective: The goal of this study is to evaluate some structural changes in muscular, collagenous and neural components as well as expression of Cajal-like cells and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO).
Methods: Tissue specimens were obtained from 25 patients with UPJO and compared with normal ureteropelvic junction regions of 19 autopsies. In paraffin embedded sections the amount of Cajal-like cells, density of nerve fibers and smooth muscle cell apoptosis (using immunohistochemical staining) were determined. Collagen deposition and muscular components were stained by Trichrome-Masson staining and evaluated by image analysis techniques. Arrangement of muscular bundles was also evaluated qualitatively.
Findings: The number of Cajal-like cells was significantly lower in patients than in controls. The apoptotic score and mean number of nerve fibers were not statistically different for the two groups. Arrangement of muscular fibers was more irregular in patients than in controls (P<0.001). Collagen deposition was significantly higher in patients than in controls (P<0.001). The mean amount of muscular component was lower in patients than in normal ones. (P= 0.09)
Conclusion: We found significant pathologic changes in congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction such as decrease in Cajal-like cells, increase in collagen deposition and irregular arrangement of muscle fibers.

Keywords
Uretero-Pelvic Junction Stenosis; Image Analysis; Immunohistochemistry; Interstitial Cell of Cajal-Like Cells