Optimization and Composition of Volatile Oil from Polygonatum odoratum   (Mill Druce) using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Purpose: To determine the effects of temperature, pressure and extraction time on oil yield obtained from Polygonatum odoratum

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as well as the optimum processing conditions for supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂) extraction.
Methods: Supercritical CO₂ extraction technology was adopted in this experiment to study the process of extraction of volatile oil from Polygonatum odoratum while gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) technique was employed to analyze the chemical composition of the volatile oil. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize supercritical CO₂ process conditions.
Results: The determined optimal conditions were as follows: extraction pressure, 27 MPa; extraction temperature, 50 °C; and extraction time, 97.10 min. Under these conditions, the predicted yield of Polygonatum volatile oil was 2.04 % as against an actual oil yield of 2.02 % of the seeds. GC-MS analysis showed that the extract obtained by supercritical CO₂ extraction was richer in fatty acids and flavoring substances than that obtained by hydrodistillation.
Conclusion: Using RSM can optimize conditions of Polygonatum volatile oil. This provides a scientific basis for further research and development of healthy foods, as well as comprehensive utilization of Polygonatum odoratum.

Keywords
Polygonatum odoratum; Volatile oil; Supercritical fluid; Carbon dioxide; Extraction; Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer