Purpose: To investigate the antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activities of
Durio kutejensis
[Bombacaceae (Hassk.) Becc] fruit extract.
Methods: The fruit flesh of
D. kutejensis was extracted successively with n-hexane, ethyl
acetate/EtOAc, and ethanol/EtOH at room temperature repeatedly. The extracts were concentrated in
vacuo to yield their residues. Antioxidant properties were analyzed by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-
ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-
picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) while anti-melanogensis
activity was evaluated by tyrosinase enzyme activity and B16 melanoma cell assays (melanin inhibition
and cytotoxicity).
Results: The extract (200 μg/mL) showed melanin inhibition by inhibiting melanin formation in B16
melanoma cell by 47 % without cytotoxicity but did not inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity. The extract (1
- 1000 μg/mL) also exhibited some level of antioxidant activity including ORAC (0.04 ± 0.00 μmol TE/mg
at 950 μg/mL), ABTS (1.0 ± 0.2 % at 100.8 μg/mL), SOD (IC50, 76.00 ± 14.6 μg/mL, and DPPH (21.5 ±
0.7 % at 97.39 μg/mL extract concentration).
Conclusion: The fruit extract of
Durio kutejensis has antioxidant properties with a potential for treating
hyperpigmentation and for use as a skin-lightening agent.
