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Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
ISSN: 1596-5996 EISSN: 1596-5996
Vol. 16, No. 1, 2017, pp. 179-184
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Bioline Code: pr17024
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2017, pp. 179-184
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Chemical composition of Dipsacus asper Wallich ex Candolle (Dipsacaceae) essential oil and its activity against mosquito larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens
Lu, Hong Yu; Liu, Xin Chao; Liu, Qi Zhi & Liu, Zhi Long
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the larvicidal activity of the essential oil of Dipsacus asper Wallich ex Candolle
(Dipsacaceae) roots against the larvae of Aedes aegypti L. and Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett.
Methods: Essential oil was extracted from D. asper roots by hydrodistillation and analyzed for its
composition by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The
oil was evaluated for larvicidal activity, using World Health Organization (WHO) procedures, against the
fourth larvae of A. aegypti and C. pipiens pallens within 24 h, and activity was recorded for various
concentrations of the oil ranging from 12.5 – 200.0 μg/mL.
Results: A total of 34 components of the essential oil of D. asper were identified. The major compounds
of the essential oil were caryophyllene oxide (13.29 %), caryophyllene (9.14 %), cubebene (7.87 %), β-gurjunene (6.43 %), carvone (5.38 %), 1,8-cineole (5.29 %), and calamenene (5.05 %). The oil exhibited
larvicidal activity against A. aegypti and C. pipiens pallens at median lethal concentrations (LC50) of
56.29 μg/mL and 47.49 μg/mL, respectively.
Conclusion: The essential oil of D. asper roots has potentials for use in the control of A. aegypti and C.
pipiens pallens and may be useful in the search for new, safer and more effective natural larvicides.
Keywords
Dipsacus asper; Aedes aegypti; Culex pipiens pallens; Essential oil; Larvicidal activity; Caryophyllene; Cubebene; β-Gurjunene; Carvone
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