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Revista Colombia Médica
Universidad del Valle - Facultad de Salud
ISSN: 0120-8322
EISSN: 0120-8322
Vol. 39, No. 4, 2008, pp. 356-363
Bioline Code: rc08080
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Revista Colombia Médica, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2008, pp. 356-363

 es Caracterización de la Violencia Sexual en Adolescentes de 10 a 19 Años, 2001-2003, Cali*
Aguilar, Andrea & Salcedo, Mercedes

Resumen

Antecedentes: En Colombia entre las lesiones violentas no fatales, los delitos sexuales ocupan el cuarto lugar, siendo más afectados los menores de edad. La violencia sexual experimentada en la infancia o en la adolescencia deja consecuencias severas.
Objetivos: Describir la ocurrencia de los casos de denuncia de violencia sexual en jóvenes entre 10 y 19 años de edad, durante los años 2001 y 2003 en Cali.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia de casos de violencia sexual valorados por clínica forense y trabajo social (Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses), ocurridos en área urbana de Cali. Se calcularon prevalencias y se utilizó la prueba chi2 para explorar diferencias entre las variables.
Resultados: De los 250 casos incluidos, 77.5% eran mujeres, siendo el grupo de mayor prevalencia entre 10 y 14 años; 96% eran escolarizados al momento de la ocurrencia del evento. Del total de las víctimas, 46% realizaban actividades en el entorno familiar cuando fue abordada por el agresor. Además, 38.2% informaron antecedentes de violencia familiar directa o indirecta; 31.4% pertenecían a familias monoparentales y 40% a familias mixtas; 82.6% de los agresores eran personas conocidas por la víctima y 17% dijo no conocer al agresor. La amenaza y el chantaje fueron las principales formas de abordaje y de inducción al silencio empleadas por el agresor. Se destaca además, la presencia de cómplices al momento del abuso. Finalmente, la Comuna 13 (20 casos) presentó el mayor número de denuncias y la de menor número fue la Comuna 17 (un caso).
Conclusiones: Un alto porcentaje de víctimas de violencia sexual son mujeres que conocen a su agresor. Las denuncias son más prevalentes en sectores con desventaja socioeconómica.

Palabras-clave
Violencia sexual; Abuso sexual; Adolescentes; Salud sexual.

 
 en Characteristics of Sexual Violence in Adolescents From 10 to 19 Years of Age, Cali 2001-2003
Aguilar, Andrea & Salcedo, Mercedes

Abstract

Background: In Colombia among violent not fatal injuries the sexual crimes occupy fourth place, being more affected the minors of age. The sexual violence experienced on the infancy or on the adolescence leaves severe consequences.
Objectives: To describe the occurrence of sexual violence cases denounced in teenagers from 10 to 19 years, during the 2001-2003 in Cali.
Methods: A descriptive study of prevalence of sexual abuse in adolescents from 10 to 19 years assisted in the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of the Southwest region during the 2001-2003 for clinic and social work evaluation. Prevalence was calculated and the chi2 test was used to explore differences between variables.
Results: From 250 cases of accusations of adolescents were included 77.5% of these accusations were filed by women; being the most affected group age between 10 to 14; 96% reported to have any scholarship studies at the moment of the abuse; 46% were doing family-related activities at the moment of the abuse; 31.4% of the victims belonged to monoparental family and 40% to mixed family; 38.2% of the adolescents had records of family domestic violence; 82.6% of the aggressors were a victim's acquaintance and only the 17% reported to have been attacked by a stranger. The menace and the blackmail were the principal forms used by the aggressor to persuade victim's silence. Also stands out the presence of accomplices in the moment of the abuse. Finally, the commune (or municipality) 13 and 20 were the ones with a greater number of cases, and the one with the least was the 17 with only one case.
Conclusions: A high percentage of victims of sexual violence are women who know his aggressor. The accusations are more prevalent in sectors with socioeconomic disadvantage.

Keywords
Sexual abuse; Scholars; Adolescents; Sexual crime; Sexual health.

 
© Copyright 2008 - Revista Colombia Médica
Alternative site location: http://colombiamedica.univalle.edu.co

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