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Revista Colombia Médica
Universidad del Valle - Facultad de Salud
ISSN: 0120-8322
EISSN: 0120-8322
Vol. 41, No. 1, 2010, pp. 45-51
Bioline Code: rc10007
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Revista Colombia Médica, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2010, pp. 45-51

 es Reacciones adversas a medicamentos en salas de medicina interna de un hospital universitario: Estudio descriptivo piloto
López, Luis Carlos; Botero, Marcela; Pino, Jaime; Ramírez, Jorge Hernán & Palacios, Mauricio

Resumen

Introducción: Las reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) son una importante causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados.
Objetivos: Este estudio se diseñó para describir la frecuencia, severidad y causalidad de las RAM en las salas de Medicina Interna de un hospital universitario de tercer nivel.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en las salas de hospitalización de Medicina Interna, con un formato estructurado, revisión de historia clínica y entrevista a los pacientes. Para definir causalidad, se aplicó el algoritmo de Naranjo a los eventos adversos de los enfermos. Además, se clasificaron las RAM de acuerdo con los criterios de Rawlins y Thompson.
Resultados: En el estudio se incluyeron 100 pacientes (50 hombres y 50 mujeres). Se informaron 99 sucesos adversos; con el algoritmo de Naranjo se clasificaron como RAM probables (n=29), RAM posibles (n=21) y RAM dudosos (n=49). Los medicamentos cardiovasculares y los antibióticos fueron los grupos terapéuticos más relacionados con efectos adversos. Se descubrieron dos errores de medicación prevenibles.
Conclusiones: La frecuencia que se encontró de estas reacciones adversas fue similar a la que informaron otras investigaciones en servicios de Medicina Interna. Es necesario sistematizar los esfuerzos de fármaco-vigilancia hospitalaria para prevenir y evitar oportunamente las RAM.

Palabras-clave
Farmacovigilancia, Reacciones adversas a medicamentos, Pacientes hospitalizados

 
 en Adverse drug reactions in internal medicine units at a university hospital: A descriptive pilot study
López, Luis Carlos; Botero, Marcela; Pino, Jaime; Ramírez, Jorge Hernán & Palacios, Mauricio

Abstract

Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients.
Objectives: This study was designed to describe the frequency, severity, and causality of ADRs in internal medicine units at a third-level university hospital.
Materials and methods: A descriptive study was performed at internal medicine units, by means of a structured format, review of clinical records, and interview of hospitalized patients. The Naranjo algorithm was applied to patient adverse events to define causality. Additionally, ADRs were classified according to the Rawlins and Thompson criteria.
Results: One hundred patients (50 men and 50 women) were included in the study. Ninety nine (99) adverse events were found among the patients. The Naranjo algorithm was applied to adverse events, resulting in twenty nine (29) probable ADRs, twenty (20) possible ADRs and fifty (50) doubtful ADRs. Cardiovascular drugs and antibiotics were the most frequent therapeutic groups associated with ADRs. In addition, two preventable medication errors were identified.
Conclusions: Frequency of ADRs was similar to the number reported in other studies in internal medicine units. It is necessary to systematize efforts of pharmacological surveillance in hospital wards, toward an opportune detection and prevention of ADRs.

Keywords
Adverse drug reactions, Pharmacological surveillance, Hospitalized patients

 
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Alternative site location: http://colombiamedica.univalle.edu.co

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