Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most
common bacterial infections in childhood and causes acute and
chronic morbidity as hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
Objectives:To describe the demographic characteristics,
infectious agent, antibiotic resistance patterns and empiric
therapy response of UTI in pediatric population.
Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study.
Results: Were included 144 patients, 1:2.06 male to female ratio.
The most common symptom was fever (79.9%) and 31.3% had
history of previous UTI. 72.0% of the patients had positive urine
leukocyte count (>5 per field), urine gram was positive in 85.0%
of samples and gram negative bacilli accounted for 77.8% for
the total pathogens isolated. The most frequent uropathogens
isolated were
Escherichia coli
and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
. Our
E.coli isolates had a susceptibility rate higher than 90% to
most of the antibiotics used, but a resistance rate of 42.6% to
TMP SMX and 45.5% to ampicillin sulbactam. 6.3% of
E. coli
was extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producer strains. The
most frequent empirical antibiotic used was amikacin, used in
66.0% of the patients. 17 of 90 patients who undergone voiding
cistouretrography (VCUG) had vesicoureteral reflux.
Conclusion: This study revealed that
E. coli was the most
frequent pathogen of community acquired UTI. We found
that
E. coli and other uropathogens had a high resistance rate
against TMP SMX and ampicillin sulbactam. In order to ensure
a successful empirical treatment, protocols should be based on
local epidemiology and susceptibility rates.