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Revista Colombia Médica
Universidad del Valle - Facultad de Salud
ISSN: 0120-8322 EISSN: 0120-8322
Vol. 48, No. 3, 2017, pp. 137-146
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Bioline Code: rc17047
Full paper language: English
Document type: Review Article
Document available free of charge
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Revista Colombia Médica, Vol. 48, No. 3, 2017, pp. 137-146
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Immunotherapy and gene therapy as novel treatments for cancer
Rangel-Sosa, Martha Montserrat; Aguilar-Córdova, Estuardo & Rojas-Martínez, Augusto
Abstract
The immune system interacts closely with tumors during the
disease development and progression to metastasis. The complex
communication between the immune system and the tumor cells
can prevent or promote tumor growth. New therapeutic approaches
harnessing protective immunological mechanisms have recently
shown very promising results. This is performed by blocking
inhibitory signals or by activating immunological effector cells
directly. Immune checkpoint blockade with monoclonal antibodies
directed against the inhibitory immune receptors CTLA-4 and
PD-1 has emerged as a successful treatment approach for patients
with advanced melanoma. Ipilimumab is an anti-CTLA-4 antibody
which demonstrated good results when administered to patients
with melanoma. Gene therapy has also shown promising results in
clinical trials. Particularly, Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-mediated
delivery of the HSV thymidine kinase (TK) gene to tumor cells
in combination with ganciclovir (GCV) may provide an effective
suicide gene therapy for destruction of glioblastomas, prostate
tumors and other neoplasias by recruiting tumor-infiltrating
lymphocytes into the tumor. The development of new treatment
strategies or combination of available innovative therapies to
improve cell cytotoxic T lymphocytes trafficking into the tumor
mass and the production of inhibitory molecules blocking tumor
tissue immune-tolerance are crucial to improve the efficacy of
cancer therapy.
Keywords
Cancer; immunotherapy; monoclonal antibody; regulatory T cells; gene therapy
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© Copyright 2017 - Universidad del Valle Alternative site location: http://colombiamedica.univalle.edu.co
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