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Prevalence of high-grade perineal tear during labor in Mexican adolescents
Sánchez-Ávila, María Teresa; Galván-Caudillo, Marisol; Cantú-Pompa, Jaime Javier; Vázquez-Romero, Natalia; Martínez-López, Jhanea Patricia; Matías-Barrios, Víctor Manuel; Avitia-Herrera, Abryl Mariana; Morales-Garza, Luis Alonso; Hernández-Escobar, Claudia Eugenia; Soto-Fuenzalida, Gonzalo & González-Garza, María Teresa
Abstract
Introduction: There is a high rate of deliveries in adolescents in
Mexico. This age group is vulnerable to obstetric complications,
including lacerations of the anal sphincter.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of third and fourth degree
perineal tears in adolescents during childbirth, and to evaluate risk
factors in comparison with deliveries with lacerations of adult women.
Methods: All obstetric care episodes were reviewed from a public
tertiary hospital data in Monterrey, Mexico in 2014. Age, primiparity,
delivery instrumentation, episiotomy, body mass index, product
weight and tear´s degree were documented at the deliveries with tears
of third and fourth degree.
Results: The prevalence of third and fourth degree tears of 2.0% was
found in the general population, being adolescents the most affected
with 2.5%. The unadjusted odds ratio of high-grade tears in adolescent
females at delivery, compared to adult females, was 1.36 (95% CI =
0.99-1.86, p= 0.05). No difference was found when comparing risk
factors among high-grade tear deliveries in adolescents versus adults.
Conclusions: A higher prevalence than previous reported for high
grade tears during delivery was found. The data suggest adolescence
as a risk factor for high-grade tears during delivery.
Keywords
Episiotomy; lacerations; pregnancy in adolescence; rectovaginal fistula; delivery; obstetric; parity; pregnancy
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