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Rwanda Medical Journal
Rwanda Health Communication Center - Rwanda Biomedical Center (RHCC - RBC)
ISSN: 2079-097X
EISSN: 2079-097X
Vol. 77, No. 1, 2020, pp. 1-5
Bioline Code: rw20004
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Rwanda Medical Journal, Vol. 77, No. 1, 2020, pp. 1-5

 en Seasonal variation in preeclampsia and eclampsia in Kigali
Mutabazi, L.; Bazzett-Matabele, L.; Small, M.; Ntasumbumuyange, D.; Rulisa, S & Magriples, U.

Abstract



BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders complicate up to 10% of all pregnancies. The World Health Organization estimates the incidence of preeclampsia and eclampsia to be higher in developing countries.
OBJECTIVES: To document the prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Kigali and determine whether seasonality affects the rate.

METHODS: A combined retrospective and prospective study at 2 teaching hospitals in Kigali was performed over a 2-year period. Data was collected through an admission questionnaire for the prospective portion and the same data was collected for the retrospective portion.

RESULTS: There were 19,746 deliveries and 454 cases of preeclampsia and eclampsia giving an overall prevalence of 2.3% (2.0% and 0.3%, respectively). Most of the patients with preeclampsia (62.3%) presented with severe features. Half of the patients were admitted with blood pressure greater than 160/110 mmHg and 65.7% were preterm. Women with preeclampsia were more likely to have chronic hypertension than women with eclampsia (10.9% vs 0%, p=0.047). Two thirds of patients presenting with preeclampsia/eclampsia were admitted during the rainy season (OR 1.36, 1.11 -1.65, p=0.002). Season at conception did not affect the prevalence of preeclampsia/eclampsia at admission. There was also no difference in the severity of the disease based on seasonality.

CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in Kigali is similar to other developing countries. Seasonal variation was found in Kigali with a higher prevalence in rainy season. Further studies need to be performed to examine whether other diseases are similarly affected by seasonal variation in such as malaria.

Keywords
Global health; Preeclampsia; Eclampsia; Seasonal variation

 
© Copyright [2020] - The Author(s)
Alternative site location: http://www.rwandamedicaljournal.org

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