The psychological impact of intensive care unit admission on relatives of critically ill patients

INTRODUCTION: It is recognized that ICU patients are exposed to massive stresses both from their life-threatening illness and the necessary intensive medical procedures they are subjected to. These stresses may lead to psychological problems like depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, the psychological demands and impact of the ICU on the relatives of these patients are often not appreciated.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and the influence of ICU-specific interventions on the development of psychological symptoms in relatives of ICU patients.
METHODS: This prospective, descriptive, questionnaire-based study was conducted on all consenting primary caregivers of patients on admission in the intensive care unit during the study period. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the General Health Questionnaire were used to determine the presence of psychological disorders during this study.
RESULT: In this study, GHQ demonstrated a 72.5% prevalence of psychological illness in relatives of ICU patients. The prevalence of psychological illness using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was 56.3% on the anxiety scale and 55% on the depression scale.
CONCLUSION: Critical care can result in the development of psychological disorders among primary caregivers of ICU patients. Intensive care physicians need to pay more attention to their care's impact on the psychological health of their patients’ relatives.

Keywords
Critical Care; Intensive Care; Psychological Stress; Anxiety Disorder; Depression