Toxicity, biochemical and clastogenic response of chlorpyrifos and carbendazim in milkfish Chanos chanos

Carbendazim and Chlorpyrifos are some of the most widespread environmental contaminants of major concern to human and animal reproductive health. Acute toxicity test results for pesticides were evaluated by the Probit analysis method and 96 h LC₅₀ values for C. chanos exposed to chlorpyrifos was 3.73 and 11.5 μg l^-1 for carbendazim. Chlorpyrifos and carbendazim significantly decreased total protein, catalase, glutathione S-transferase and acetyl choline esterase and induced lipid peroxidation. Maximum effects of protein, catalase, lipid peroxidation, acetyl choline esterase and glutathione s-transferase were obtained in response to 23.68 μg l^-1 of chlorpyrifos and 43.68 μg l^-1 of carbendazim. Micronuclei assay results have shown increased abnormality with increasing doses of chlorpyrifos and carbendazim. Maximum increasing in micronuclei was observed in chlorpyrifos exposed C. chanos. This study showed that chlorpyrifos and carbendazim induced alterations in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and could induce clastogenicity.

Keywords
Antioxidants; Biochemical effects; Lethal concentration; Clastogenicity; Toxicity