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Real-world emissions of gasoline passenger cars in Macao and their correlation with driving conditions
Wang, Z.; Wu, Y.; Zhou, Y.; Li, Z.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, S. & Hao, J.
Abstract
Using a portable emissions measurement system,
16 gasoline passenger cars were tested on a fixed route
consisting of different types of roads in Macao and the data
were normalized with the vehicle-specific power bin
method. The normalized HC, CO and NOX emission levels
of the seven passenger car samples with model year older
than 2000 were 3.19 ± 5.04, 14.59 ± 22.88, 2.57 ±
2.12 g/km, respectively. The HC, CO and NOX emission
levels of other newer samples were 0.02 ± 0.02,
0.23 ± 0.29 and 0.10 ± 0.13 g/km, respectively. The
scrappage of old passenger cars in Macao should be a high
priority to control the total emissions of motor vehicles.
Based on relative emission levels, a clear and similar pattern
for gaseous pollutants and fuel consumption with
driving conditions was identified. The emissions of HC,
CO and NOX are best fitted to average speed with inverse
functions. Fuel consumption is best fitted to average speed
with a power function. Compared to the average driving
conditions, the emission factors of HC, CO and NOX and
fuel consumption of gasoline passenger cars during the
rush hours on the Macau Peninsula will be increased by 61,
55, 45 and 90 %, respectively. This situation will deteriorate
by 2015 if no further transportation management
strategies are implemented in Macao. To save energy and
mitigate the air pollutant emissions in the urban area,
improved traffic planning and travel demand management
are also necessary.
Keywords
Portable emissions measurement system (PEMS); Emission; Gasoline passenger cars; Driving conditions
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