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International Journal of Environment Science and Technology
Center for Environment and Energy Research and Studies (CEERS)
ISSN: 1735-1472 EISSN: 1735-1472
Vol. 11, No. 6, 2014, pp. 1787-1800
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Bioline Code: st14175
Full paper language: English
Document type: Review Article
Document available free of charge
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International Journal of Environment Science and Technology, Vol. 11, No. 6, 2014, pp. 1787-1800
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Advances in microbial bioremediation and the factors influencing the process
Srivastava, J.; Naraian, R.; Kalra, S.J.S. & Chandra, H.
Abstract
Irrational and rapid global human societal
development has culminated to a condition of environmental
deterioration. Accidental leakage and deliberate
use of organic and inorganic chemicals have contaminated
the environment up to the level of ecosystem.
Advancements have been made in the field of research
on bioremediation of the hazardous contaminants especially
in last three decades. Microbial bioremediation
has been the most understood biotechnological process
of environmental restoration. Bacteria and fungi because
of their inherent ability to adapt and grow in extreme
environments have been employed for either removal or
degradation of the chemical contaminants. Researchers
all over the world are getting breakthroughs in finding
new bacterial strains having plasmid linked degradation/
reduction ability. Molecular biology and genetic engineering
helped in crafting the microbes for the desired
results on environment. Despite having favorable conditions,
microbial remediation largely depends on
environmental factors and on the basic biological characters
of microbes, especially bacteria being Grampositive
or Gram-negative. Metagenomic studies
revealed the importance of microbial ecology as
microbes work well in community, i.e., consortia. This
review along with several other studies suggests the need
of precision during microbial community identification,
substrate specificity and the designing of microbes.
Keywords
Environmental contamination; Climate change; Bioremediation; Plasmids; Metagenomics; Gram-positive bacteria; Gram-negative bacteria
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