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Efficient adsorption of dibutyl phthalate from aqueous solution by activated carbon developed from phoenix leaves
Wang, Z.
Abstract
The adsorption of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) from
aqueous solution using phoenix leaves activated carbon
(PLAC) by chemical activation with phosphate was
investigated. After scanning electron microscopy, energy
dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
(BET) and infrared spectrum characterization of PLAC, the
influences of solution pH, contact time, initial DBP concentration
and temperature on the adsorption rate were
investigated. The isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic
parameters were explored to describe the experimental
data. The PLAC has a heterogeneous distribution of grain
and a well-developed porous structure. The main elements
of PLAC are 24.26 % carbon, 70.65 % oxygen and 3.75 %
phosphor. The BET surface area of the sample is
593.52 m2/g with the average pore diameter of 6.31 nm.
The single-point total pore volume was found to be
0.52 cm3/g. The infrared spectrum showed the complexity
of the material. The maximum DBP adsorption rate was
97.36 %, and the maximum adsorption capacity was
48.68 mg/g at pH 13. The monolayer sorption capacity of
the biosorbent for DBP was found as 133.33 mg/g with the
Langmuir isotherm. The equilibrium data fitted with Freundlich
isotherm better than Langmuir, Dubinin–Radushkevich
and Temkin isotherm. The kinetic data were best
described by the pseudo-second-order model better than
pseudo-first-order kinetic, intraparticle diffusion, and
Elovich model. The thermodynamic studies indicated that
the sorption process spontaneous, thermodynamically
favorable and endothermic. The PLAC can be an alternative
material for treatment of DBP wastewater.
Keywords
Adsorption; Dibutyl phthalate; Phoenix leaves activated carbon; Isotherm; Kinetic model; Thermodynamic study
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