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Assessing forest health via linking the geochemical properties of a soil profile with the biochemical parameters of vegetation
Kopačková, V.; Lhotáková, Z.; Oulehle, F. & Albrechtová, J.
Abstract
The transfer of chemical elements/compounds
within the soil–plant chain is a part of the biochemical
cycling, and this system is controlled by biotic and abiotic
factors which determine the final mobility and availability
of chemical variables. Heavy metal contamination and low
pH are stress factors that lead to changes in the contents of
important foliage compounds, which can be used as nonspecific
indicators of plant stress. In this study, Norway
spruce forests in the Sokolov region, being a part of the
“Black Triangle,” were selected to assess geochemical and
biochemical interactions in the natural soil/plant system.
The authors studied the relationship between soil and
spruce needle contents of macronutrients and potentially
toxic elements and tested whether the soil parameters and
their vertical distribution within a soil profile (two organic
and two mineral horizons) affect foliage biochemical
parameters (contents of photosynthetic pigments, phenolic
compounds and lignin). Factor analysis was used to identify
underlying variables that explained the pattern of
correlations within and between the biochemical and geochemical
datasets. Aluminum (Al) and arsenic (As) were
identified as toxic elements with high bio-availability for
spruce trees, and both were taken up by trees and translocated
to the foliage. The correlations between two toxic
element contents in needles (Al and As) and the contents of
soluble phenolic compounds and total carotenoid to chlorophyll
ratio suggest that these latter two biochemical
parameters, which both proved to be sensitive to the soil
geochemical conditions, can serve as suitable non-specific
stress markers.
Keywords
Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) health; Non-specific stress markers; Heavy metal stress; Factor analysis; Phenolic compounds; Photosynthetic pigments
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