en |
Selective recovery of chromium ions from waste tannery solution for preparation of chromium oxide nanoparticles
Sheikh, S. M. El- & Rabah, M. A.
Abstract
This investigation seeks to reduce the environmental
impact of the tanning process by recovering Ca
and Cr from tannery waste solution. The treatment process
reduces both the amount of Cr discharged to the environment
and the amount of raw Cr extracted from natural
resources. The procedure was based on the selective
separation of Ca ions from the waste solution as Ca oxalate,
prior to the recovery of Cr as the hydroxide precipitate
at pH 6.5. The dried Cr hydroxide cake was then
subjected to heating (heating rate 0.5 °C min-1) at different
temperatures up to 500 °C to produce Cr oxide
nanoparticles. The physicochemical characteristics of the
nanoparticles were investigated using X-ray diffraction,
Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy,
transmission electron microscopy, surface area measurement
and thermal analysis. Results revealed that heating of
the treated Cr hydroxide at 300 °C yielded amorphous Cr
oxide, while with heating at 400 °C, the Cr oxide started to
crystallize to hexavalent, trivalent and divalent Cr species.
At 500 °C, a pure phase consisting of trivalent Cr oxide
nanoparticles was formed that contained traces of hexavalent
Cr. A mechanism for the formation of the different
forms of Cr oxide was proposed and confirmed by XRD.
Keywords
Nanomaterials; Secondary resources; Selective separation; Chromium oxide nanoparticles
|