en |
Adsorption of volatile polar organic solvents on water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ) root biomass: thermodynamic parameters and mechanism
Mukaratirwa-Muchanyereyi, N.; Kugara, J. & Zaranyika, M. F.
Abstract
The adsorbent properties of dried water hyacinth
root biomass towards four polar solvents (dichloromethane,
ethyl acetate, diethyl ether and acetone) were studied by
inverse gas chromatography between 40 and 70 °C. The
enthalpy of adsorption values obtained for the adsorption
of the four solvents on untreated root biomass range from
-51.234 kJ mol-1 for acetone, an amphoteric solvent, to
-74.658 kJ mol-1 for dichloromethane, an acidic solvent.
Mineral acid and organic solvent treatment led to reduction
in the values of the enthalpy of adsorption for all four
solvents. The Lewis acidity parameters calculated from the
enthalpy of adsorption values were 0.408, 0.267 and 0.356,
while the corresponding Lewis basicity parameters were
3.76, 1.80 and 2.34, respectively, for untreated, mineral
acid-treated and organic solvent-treated water hyacinth
root biomass. The Lewis basicity parameter-to-Lewis
acidity parameter ratios for the untreated, acid-treated and
organic solvent-treated biomass were found to be 9.22,
6.74 and 6.57, respectively, indicating (a) that all the surfaces of the untreated, mineral acid-treated and organic
solvent-treated water hyacinth root biomass are basic in
nature and (b) that for all volatile polar solvents studied,
the adsorption interaction involves the lowest unoccupied
molecular orbital of the solvent as the electron acceptor
and the highest occupied molecular orbital of the water
hyacinth root biomass surface adsorbent site as the electron
donor.
Keywords
Biosorbent; Enthalpy of adsorption; Gas–solid chromatography; Inverse gas chromatography; Lewis acid–base properties
|