Background: Natural products have been shown to be reliable sources of anticancer medicines although there is still a
consistent demand for new therapeutic natural products for cancer treatment with minimal side-effects.
Materials and Methods: In this study, six plant extracts (
Grevillea robusta
;
Euphorbia millii
;
Euphorbia royleana
;
Aloe grandidentata
;
Bauhinia corniculate; and
Cassia fistula
) were screened for the presence of phytochemical
metabolites as saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones and sterols, using qualitative
tests. Antiproliferative screening assay was performed on a panel of three cancer cell-lines (HepG-2, HCT-116 and
MCF-7) using MTT assay, and cytotoxicity was determined using WI-38 human fibroblast cell- line.
Results: Some plant extracts reduced cellular growth for the selected cancerous cell-lines. For example, E. royleana
and A. grandidentata extracts reduced HepG-2 cellular growth with IC50 of 0.42 and 0.53μg/mL, respectively.
Moreover, A. grandidentata and C. fistula reduced cellular growth of MCF-7 with IC50 of 0.37 and 0.67 μg/mL,
respectively.
Conclusion: E. royleana,
A. grandidentata and
C. fistula showed significant anti-proliferative activity against HepG-2
and MCF-7 cell-lines with non-cytotoxic nature. This suggests their potential role as anticancer agents against these
types of cancer. The presence of flavonoids, sterols and anthraquinones may suggest their enhanced anti-proliferative
activities. Therefore, this study has shed light on the possible use of these extracts as potential sources of natural
products-based therapy for cancer.
