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Zootecnia Tropical
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas Venezuela
ISSN: 0798-7269
Vol. 24, No. 2, 2006, pp. 109-120
Bioline Code: zt06010
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Zootecnia Tropical, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2006, pp. 109-120

 es Comportamiento productivo y reproductivo de tres genotipos bovinos en la regiín del Soconusco, Chiapas, México
Jaime Jorge Martínez-Tinajero, Juan Francisco Aguirre-Medina, Gilberto Martínez-Priego y Glafiro Torres-Hernández

Resumen

Para evaluar el efecto del genotipo en el comportamiento productivo y reproductivo en condiciones del Soconusco, Chiapas, México, se utilizaron vacas de segundo parto Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS, n=10), Criollo Lechero Tropical (CLT, n=10) y Doble Propísito (DP, n=10) con sus crías. Las vacas pastorearon ad libitum una pradera establecida con pasto Estrella de Africa ( Cynodon plechtostachyus check for this species in other resources ) y en el corral recibieron 2 kg/animal de un concentrado comercial al momento de la ordeña. Las crías se alimentaron artificialmente con un substituto de leche. Las vacas se ordeñaron mecánicamente 2 veces por día sin el apoyo del becerro y cada 14 días se registraron el intervalo parto primer estro (IPPE), producciín de leche (PL) y los cambios de peso corporal en vacas (CPCV) y becerros (CPCB). Se utilizo un diseño completamente al azar con 3 tratamientos (genotipos) y 10 repeticiones, considerando una vaca como la unidad experimental. El IPPE fue menor (P<0,01) en vacas AFS y CLT (37,2±7,4 y 55,1±20,3 d) que en vacas DP (93±1,8 d); la PL en vacas AFS (11,9±4,4 L/d) fue mayor (P<0,05) que en vacas DP y CLT (8,3±1,8 y 6,6±1,9 l/d, respectivamente). El CPCV fue similar (P>0,05) en vacas CLT, AFS y DP (1,0±12,8, -2±14,4 y -7,2±9,8 kg, respectivamente). Por otra parte, el CPCB fue similar (P>0,05) en becerros AFS (39,7±5,7 kg), CLT (33,5±13,3 kg) y DP (37,7±4,6 kg). Se concluye que las vacas Australian Friesian Sahiwal y Criollo Lechero Tropical mostraron el mejor comportamiento productivo y reproductivo que las Doble Propísito bajo las condiciones ambientales y de manejo del Soconusco, Chiapas, México.

Palabras-clave
Australian Friesian Sahiwal, criollo lechero tropical, doble propísito, trípico hömedo, pastoreo.

 
 en Productive and reproductive performance of three cattle genotypes in the Soconusco region, Chiapas, Mexico
Jaime Jorge Martínez-Tinajero, Juan Francisco Aguirre-Medina, Gilberto Martínez-Priego y Glafiro Torres-Hernández

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of genotype on productive and reproductive performance under conditions of the Soconusco region, Chiapas, Mexico, Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS, n=10), Criollo Lechero Tropical (CLT, n=10), and Dual Purpose (DP, n=10) cows in their second parity with their calves were utilized. Cows grazed ad libitum a pasture established with African Star grass ( Cynodon plechtostachyus check for this species in other resources ), while in corral were given 2 kg/animal of a commercial concentrate during milking. Calves were artificially reared with a milk substitute. Cows were mechanically milked twice a day, without the presence of their calves, and the interval from calving to first estrus (ICFE), milk production per day (MP), and body weight changes in both cows (BWCO) and calves (BWCA) were registered every 14 days. It was utilized a completely randomized design with three treatments (genotypes) and 10 replications, taking a cow as the experimental unit. ICFE was shorter (P<0.01) in AFS and CLT cows (37.2±7.4 and 55.1±20.3 d, respectively), than in DP cows (93±1.8 d). MP in AFS cows (11.9±4.4 L/d) was higher (P<0.05) than in DP and CLT cows (8.3±1.8 and 6.6±1.9 l/d, respectively). BWCO was similar (P>0.05) in CLT, AFS, and DP cows (1±12.8, -2±14.4 and -7.4±9.8 kg, respectively). On the other hand, BWCA was similar (P>0.05) in AFS (39.7±5.7 kg), CLT (33.5±13.3), and DP (37.7±4.6 kg) calves. It is concluded that Australian Friesian Sahiwal and Criollo Lechero Tropical cows showed a better productive and reproductive performance than Dual Purpose cows under the environmental and management conditions of the Soconusco, Chiapas, Mexico.

Keywords
Friesian Sahiwal, criollo lechero tropical, dual purpose, humid tropic, grazing.

 
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