Actinomycetes University of Udine, Mycology Department ISSN: 0732-0574 Vol. 7, Num. 3, 1996

ACTINOMYCETOLOGICA

Vol.10, No. 2, 1996

Published by the Society for Actinomycetes, Japan

Code Number:AC96015
Sizes of Files:
    Text: 6.1K
    Graphics: No associated graphics files

ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE PRESENCE OF KAC, KASUGAMYCIN ACETYL- TRANSFERASE GENE, AND THE PRODUCTIVITY OF KASUGAMYCIN IN STREPTOMYCES

S.Ikeno, K.Higashide, N.Kinoshit ^1, M.Hamada^1 and M.Hori

Showa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-3165 Higashi Tamagawagakuen, Machida-shi, Tokyo 194 and

^Institute of Microbial Chemistry, 14-23, Kamiosaki 3-chome, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan

Actinomycetologica, 10: 73-79, 1996

The kac gene coding for KSM acetyltransferase cloned from kasugamycin (KSM)-producing Streptomyces kasagaensis MB273-C4 (Hirasawa et al., 1993; JP. A-05-23187) was investigated for its correlation with KSM-productivity. Genomic Southern hybridization analysis indicated that kac existed in the genome of all the KSM-producing Streptomyces strains tested, i.e., S.kasagaensis MB273-C4 and M338-M1, and S.celluloflavus JCM4126 as well as Streptomyces sp. MF861-C4 that has characteristics taxonomically and phylogenically remote from those of the formers. We also found in experiments using Streptomyces sp. ME861-C4 that kac gene was readily deleted during storage as a lyophile with skim milk at 10 C or as a frozen 20% sucrose suspension at -20 C of its aerial mycelia, accompanying the loss of KSM productivity.

Authors, Abstract

COMBINED USE OF TRIMETHOPRIM WITH NALIXIDIC ACID FOR THE SELECTIVE ISOLATION AND ENUMERATION OF ACTINOMYCETES FROM SOIL

M.Hayakawa, T.Takeuchi and T.Yamazaki

Actinomycetologica, 10: 80-90, 1996

Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yamanashi University, Takeda-4, Kofu 400, Japan

The use of synthetic antibacterial compounds as selective supplements in agar media for the isolation and enumeration of soil actinomycetes is described. A preliminary survey revealed that the combined application of trimethoprim (TP) and nalidixic acid (NA) had no deleterious effect on most test actinomycetes (35 genera and 159 species), while the growth of most test non-filamentous soil bacteria ( 10 genera and 20 species) was inhibited or discouraged. A mixture of TP (20 mg/l) and NA (10 mg/l) was incorporated into humic acid-vitamin (HV) agar and four other isolation media. The efficiency of isolating and enumerating actinomycetes cultivated under these conditions was evaluated using 13 different natural soil samples. The TP-NA combination substantially reduced the occurrence of competing non-filamentous bacteria on the isolation plates without adversely affecting actinomycete growth, thus greatly facilitating the recognition, enumeration and pure isolation of actinomycete colonies. A detailed taxonomic examination showed that the antimicrobial combination allowed the recovery of varieties of actinomycete genera. At least 11 different genera were isolated from a garden soil sample on HV plates containing TP and NA. The most frequently isolated Streptomyces strains were further categorized into various species-groups. The results suggest that the TP-NA combination may prove to be a useful tool for autecological and enumeration studies of actinomycetes, and for the isolation of wide varieties of actinomycete strains.

Authors, Abstract

RARE ACTINOMYCETES ISOLATED FROM DESERT SOILS

Y.Takahashi, A.Matsumoto, A.Seino, Y.Iwai and S.Omura

Actinomycetologica, 10: 91-97, 1996

Research Center for Biological Function, The Kitasato Institute, 5-9-1, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan

A total of 335 actinomycete strains were isolated from 9 soil samples collected at Mojave Desert, California. A large number of actinomycete colonies emerged on the agar plates when cultured at 37 C than 27 C. Among 50 strains taken randomly from the isolates nine strains were rare actinomycetes containing meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall. They were considered to belong to genera Microbispora, Nocardia, Microtetraspora, Amycolatopsis, Actinomadura and Saccharothrix. The five strains could grow even at 50 C.

Authors, Abstract

No Abstracts are available of the following papers:

ENDOGENOUS ADP-RIBOSYLATION OF PROTEINS DURING DEVELOPMENT OF STREPTOMYCES GRISEUS

A.Penyige, H.Saido-Sakanaka and K.Ochi

Actinomycetologica, 10: 98-103, 1996

STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF B-LACTAMASE GENES FROM STREPTOMYCES

H.Ogawara

Actinomycetologica, 10: 104-111, 1996

TRANSCRIPTION APPARATUS AND ITS RELATIVES IN STREPTOMYCES

H.Shinkawa

Actinomycetologica, 10: 112-120, 1996

CLASSIFICATION AND PHYLOGENY: COGNITIVE TAXONOMY AND INFERENTIAL PHYLOGENETICS

M.Nobuhiro

Actinomycetologica, 10: S1-S2, 1996

DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION OF PCB-DEGRADING RHODOCOCCI

T.Kudo, H.Arai and S.Kosono

Actinomycetologica, 10: S2-S3, 1996

FUNCTIONAL STUDIES ON THE BIOSYNTHETIC GENES OF AROMATIC POLYKETIDE ANTIBIOTICS IN STREPTOMYCES SPP.

K.Ichinose

Actinomycetologica, 10: S3-S4, 1996

A SCREENING FOR INHIBITORS OF INDUCIBLE-NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE FROM MICROBIAL ORIGIN

T.Iwamoto

Actinomycetologica, 10: S4-S5

Copyright 1996 C.E.T.A., The International Centre for Theoretical and Applied Ecology, Gorizia, 1996