Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz ISSN: 1678-8060 EISSN: 1678-8060 Vol. 91, Num. 6, 1996

Description of Warileya lumbrerasi n. sp. (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Peru

Elena Ogusuku/+, J Enrique Perez, Clive R Davies*, Pablo Villaseca

Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, A. P. 4314, Lima-100, Peru *London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK

+Corresponding author. Fax: +51-14-823404
Received 26 January 1996, Accepted 23 May 1996

Code Number: OC96128
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Warileya lumbrerasi n. sp. is described from the northern Peruvian Andes. This species was collected inside houses, and is the seventh species described within the genus Warileya Hertig, 1948.

Key words: Warileya lumbrerasi - new species - Psychodidae - Peru

A new species of phlebotomine sandfly belonging to the genus Warileya Hertig, 1948 (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) described with the name Warileya lumbrerasi n. sp., is the seventh described from this genus, which includes W. fourgassiensis (Le Pont & Desjeux 1984), W. hertigi (Fairchild 1949), W. nigrosacculus (Fairchild & Hertig 1951), W. phlebotomanica (Hertig 1948), W. rotundipennis (Fairchild & Hertig 1951) and W. yungasi (Velasco & Trapido 1974). Of these species, only W. phlebotomanica has previously been reported in Peru (Bermudez et al. 1993).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The sandflies examined in this paper were collected in several localities of the Province of Huancabamba, in the Department of Piura. This area is geographically located at 5 degrees SL, 80 degrees WL approximately. Sandfly collections were from 17:30 to 22:00 hr inside houses with CDC light traps.

Sandflies were treated with 10% NaOH, and mounted in slides with Canada Balsam.

Up to ten specimens of each sex of W. lumbrerasi were selected for measuring their morphological parts, averages and the standard deviation (SD) were obtained for each part measured (Tables I, II). Otherwise stated, all measurements are given in um.

The description of W. lumbrerasi n. sp. presented is based on the standard format designed by the CIPA Group (Bermudez et al. 1991), and provides measurements on a wide range of characters.

DESCRIPTION

Warileya lumbrerasi n. sp.

Male: the general color is homogeneous pale brown. Body size 2.3 mm approximately. Head frons length 279, clipeus 153, eye separation 171, interocular suture complete, labrum 314.6, palpal formula: 1/3/4/2/5, 2.9 times longer than labrum, P5 as long as the labrum; ratio P5/P3+P4=0.95. Antennae: F1 346.5 long, ratio F14/F13 > 1, ascoids short without proximal projection. Wings: 957 width, R5 length 1353. Genitalia: as drawn in Fig. 1. Ejaculatory filament long 776.6, total pump length 242 (piston alone 206.8) (Fig. 1e). Ratio ejaculatory filaments/pump= 3; terminal tip of the filaments very faint (Fig. 1f). Aedeagus simple with truncated tips. Lateral lobe simple 374 long and 26.4 width. Paramere simple with 3 strong setae in the tip. Coxite small, wider than longer, with 2 linear tufts, tuft 1 (inner) with 9 pairs of setae, and tuft 2 (outer) with 5-6 pairs of setae continued by 10 setae in a single line (Fig. 1c). Style length 351, with 3 terminal spines, formula 1/2.

Female: general color as the male. Body size 2.65 mm approximately. Head frons length 319.5, clipeus 189, eyes separation is 189, interocular suture complete, labrum 432 long, palpal formula: 1/3/4/2/5, 2.6 times longer than labrum, P5 slightly shorter than labrum; ratio P5/P3+P4=1. Cibarium without horizontal teeth, only small lateral teeth, pharynx simple. Antennae: F1 292.5 long, ratio F14/F13 > 1, ascoids as the male (Fig. 2d). Wings: 1056 width, R5 length 1518. Genitalia: cerci simple, 135 long; spermathecae and individual ducts very long: 479.6 total length. Longitudinal ducts simple, length 272.8. Spermathecae as shown in Fig. 2, 206.8 long and 17.6 wide, a very clear sclerotized basal part, with annulations in the spermatheca body, and head of the spermatheca long. Common duct very short, 30.8 long.

Types: the male holotype was collected using a CDC light trap inside a house in the locality of El Higueron at 1140 m of altitude, on 23 May, 1992, by P Villaseca, and the female allotype was collected using a CDC light trap inside a house in El Higueron, on 23 May, 1992, by P Villaseca.

Paratypes: three males collected in El Higueron, on 23 May, 1992; five males collected in the same locality on 24 May, 1992; six males from Chamelico collected on 30 May, 1992. Two females collected in El Higueron, on 25 May, 1992, one female from Chamelico, on 30 May, 1992, three females from Pizarrumi on 29 May, 1992, one female on 21 February, 1993 and two females on 23 February, 1993. All known specimens of W. lumbrerasi have been collected in the district of Canchaque, Huancabamba Province, Department of Piura.

All the material of W. lumbrerasi n. sp. (males and females) was collected using CDC light traps placed inside houses and operated overnight. It is remarkable that several individuals were engorged when collected. W. lumbrerasi n. sp. coexist with W. phlebotomanica in the localities which were collected: El Higueron, Chamelico and Pizarrumi, in the Province of Huancabamba, Department of Piura, Peru.

The name lumbrerasi is given to this species in honour of Dr Hugo Lumbreras Cruz (1924-1985), founder of our Institute, who devoted his life to teaching and strengthening of research in Tropical diseases in Peru.

The type material is deposited in the Laboratory of Entomology, Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. Male and female paratypes will be deposited in the Department of Entomology, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru and the Entomology Section, British Museum (Natural History), UK.

Tables I and II show the measurements (in um) of the morphological parts of both W. lumbrerasi n. sp. and W. phlebotomanica.

REMARKS

The male genitalia of W. lumbrerasi are closely related to those of W. yungasi in the shape of the paramere and the number of style spines, but differ in the style spine formula, which is 1/2 in W. lumbrerasi and 2/1 in W. yungasi. The paramere of W. lumbrerasi is similar to that of W. phlebotomanica, except that the former has three large setae, whilst the latter has two.

A distinctive character which separates the males of the two Peruvian Warileya species is the length of the genitalia parts. Those of W. lumbrerasi are significantly longer than those of W. phlebotomanica (Table I), especially the ejaculatory filaments which are three times longer in W. lumbrerasi.

The shape of the spermathecae body of W. lumbrerasi is closely related to that of W. phlebotomanica. The main differences are that the rings are not imbricated in W. lumbrerasi, the spermathecal body of W. lumbrerasi is twice the length of that of W. phlebotomanica, and the individual ducts are seven times longer in W. lumbrerasi. W. lumbrerasi also shows heavy chitinization in the basal extreme of the spermatheca body.

Although W. phlebotomanica and W. lumbrerasi are sympatric in the Department of Piura, they appear to have distinct geographical distributions in Peru. W. phlebotomanica is widespread throughout the Andean Cordillera, while W. lumbrerasi appears to be restricted to the northern section of the Peruvian Cordillera.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To Dr Carlos Santa Cruz (IMTAvH-UPCH) for his photographic work.

REFERENCES

Bermudez H, Dedet J-P, Falcao A, Feliciangeli D, Rangel E, Ferro C, Gomez E, Herrero M, Lebbe J, Morales M, Ogusuku E, Perez E, Sherlock I, Torrez M, Vignes R, Wolff M (Cipa Group) 1991. Proposition of a standard description for Phlebotomine sandflies. Parassitologia 33: 127-135.

Bermudez H, Dedet J-P, Duncan M, Falcao A, Feliciangeli D, Ferro C, Galati EAB, Gomez E, Herrero M, Hervas D, Lebbe J, Morales A, Ogusuku E, Perez E, Rangel E, Sherlock I, Torrez M, Vignes R, Wolff M, Young DG (Cipa Group) 1993. A programme for computer aided identification of phlebotomine sandflies of the Americas (CIPA). Presentation and checklist of American species. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 88: 221-230.

Fairchild GB 1949. A new fly related to Phlebotomus from Panama (Diptera, Psychodidae). Proc Entomol Soc Washington 51: 81-84.

Fairchild GB, Hertig M 1951. Notes on the Phlebotomus of Panama (Diptera, Psychodidae) . VIII Two new species of Warileya. Ann Entomol Soc Am 44: 422-429.

Hertig M 1948. A new genus of bloodsucking Psychodids from Peru (Diptera: Psychodidae). Ann Entomol Soc Am 41: 8-16.

Le Pont F, Desjeux P 1984. Warileya fourgassiensis n. sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae) nouveau phlebotome cavernicole decouvert en Guyane francaise. Cahiers ORSTOM, ser. Entomol Med Parasitol 22: 129-134.

Velasco JH, Trapido 1974. Two new Phlebotominae sandflies from Bolivia Lutzomyia boliviana, n. sp. and Warileya yungasi, n. sp. (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Ent 11: 433-436.

Fig. 1: male of Warileya lumbrerasi n. sp. a: wing, b: head, c: genitalia, d: detail of paramere, e: genital pump and ejaculatory filaments, f: detail of ejaculatory filament tip.

Fig. 2: female of Warileya lumbrerasi n. sp. a: wing, b: head, c: cibarium and pharynx, d: detail of second flagellomere, e: spermatheca, f: detail of spermatheca body.

TABLE I: Measurements of males of Warileya lumbrerasi and W. phlebotomanica

            n W. lumbrerasi  n W. phlebotomanica 
           -------------------------------------
               Avg    SD         Avg    SD 
------------------------------------------------
HEAD                                                          
Frons      10  272.7  14.0   4   260.9   7.2 
Clipeus    10  146.4  10.1   4   156.4  12.1 
Labrum     10  302.4  19.8   4   320.4  10.1 
PALPUS 
P1         10   47.2   3.7   4    54.2   1.1 
P2         10  220.5  15.3   4   230.6  14.7 
P3         10  160.3  12.9   4   184.5  10.1 
P4         10  179.6  17.9   4   222.8  22.6 
P5         10  334.9  49.4   4   420.3  74.9 
ANTENNA 
F1         10  330.3  28.6   4   303.1  14.2 
F2         10  208.0  17.1   4   181.2  12.1 
WING 
Width      10  921.8  74.4   4  1089.0  78.9 
R5         10 1347.5  84.4   4  1507.0 160.5 
Alfa       10  676.5  63.0   4   717.8  70.2 
Beta       10  414.7  27.4   4   457.3  65.0 
Gamma      10   63.8  11.8   4   103.5  49.2 
Delta      10  390.5  54.6   4   445.8  69.4 
LEGS 
F ant.      8  862.1  66.9   1   902.0   --- 
F. med.     7  869.0  76.7   3   887.3  51.8 
F. post.    7  944.4  44.9   4   981.8  53.0 
T. ant.     8 1691.3  80.9   1  1870.0   --- 
T. med.     6 1706.8 128.3   3  1796.7 174.5 
T. post.    7 1866.9  46.0   3  1976.3 199.3 
GENITALIA 
Pump       10  227.5  12.2   4   160.2   9.1 
Ejac. Fil. 10  781.0  58.9   4   259.3  11.5 
Lat. lobe  10  383.2  28.9   4   275.4   9.0 
Style      10  351.2  14.6   4   254.1  12.6 

TABLE II: Measurements of females of Warileya lumbrerasi and W. phlebotomanica

           n  W. lumbrerasi n W. phlebotomanica
          -------------------------------------
              Avg    SD        Avg    SD 
-----------------------------------------------
HEAD                                                           
Frons     10  329.0  11.1   4  300.4  17.8 
Clipeus   10  187.7  11.2   4  173.3   3.9 
Labrum    10  439.2  19.6   4  415.1  25.8 
PALPUS 
P1        10   71.1   4.8   4   68.0   9.4 
P2        10  286.2  10.6   4  281.3  16.0 
P3        10  189.5  10.7   4  196.9  12.8 
P4        10  220.1  18.4   4  247.5  13.5 
P5         9  395.5  50.6   4  519.8  51.8 
ANTENNA 
F1        10  324.5  22.3   4  322.5  11.8 
F2        10  203.0  12.2   4  187.5   5.6 
F1/F2     10    1.6   0.4   4    5.6   0.1 
WING 
Width     10 1114.3  52.5   4 1190.8 155.2 
R5        10 1628.0  82.9   4 1633.5 187.5 
Alfa      10  839.3  69.0   4  849.8  87.0 
Beta      10  502.7  33.7   4  473.0  49.8 
Gamma     10   70.4  19.8   4   82.5  44.3 
Delta     10  510.4  64.6   4  533.5  45.6 
LEGS 
F. ant.    5 1012.0  42.3   3  979.0  50.0 
F. med.    6  990.0  38.1   4  946.0  80.4 
F. post.   8 1090.4  52.0   4 1078.0 106.6 
T. ant.    5 1867.8  85.3   3 1899.3  22.6 
T. med.    6 1818.7 101.3   4 1823.3  99.1 
T. post.   8 2017.1 109.3   4 2010.3 141.5 
GENITALIA 
Cercus    10  129.6  11.1   4  129.3   8.7 
Spermat.  10  258.7  40.3   3  114.0  15.9 
Ind. Duct 10  303.8  75.2   2   39.6   4.4 

Copyright 1996 Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz

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