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Metabolic Syndrome in Patients on Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer as seen at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania.
Nabunwa, G.; Mbwambo, J.S.; Nyongole, O.V.; Nyombi, B. & Mteta, A.K.
Abstract
Background:
Prostate cancer is a frequently diagnosed malignancy in elderly men
worldwide. Previously displayed as rare in Africa, but now a common diagnosis and a cause
of mortality.
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the main stay of treatment in Africa due to men
presenting with advanced or metastatic disease. Men on androgen deprivation therapy will
either develop androgen resistant prostate cancer and die of it or die of other causes. Men
with prostate cancer on ADT have been found to have increased non cancer mortality and
most of the excess mortality have been attributed to treatment. This study was aimed at
evaluating the metabolic risk factors in men undergoing short term androgen deprivation
therapy at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), Tanzania.
Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study, we evaluated 83 prostate cancer patients; 48
on surgical castration, 9 medical castration (zoladex) and 26 were followed up with no
treatment. Data analysis was done using stat version 12. Student 2 sided t tests was used to
compare mean of the various variables between ADT group and none ADT group.
Results:
The mean age at diagnosis was 75±6.7 (55-95). The group of patients on ADT
compared to the group of patients not on ADT had a statistically significant increase in all
the lipid fractions i.e. low density lipoprotein(LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL),
cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TGA) P=<0.001 at three and six month, fasting plasma
glucose (P=<0.001) at three and six month, waist circumference P=0.02 and p=0.001 at
three and six month respectively, compared to prostate cancer patients not on treatment.
No patient in the six month had increments in serum and anthropometric parameter to
meet the definition of a metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion:
Six month of androgen deprivation therapy is associated with a statistically
significant increase in the fasting plasma glucose, lipid fractions, and waist circumference.
Keywords
Metabolic syndrome; Androgen Deprivation Therapy
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