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African Crop Science Journal
African Crop Science Society
ISSN: 1021-9730 EISSN: 1021-9730
Vol. 4, No. 4, 1996, pp. 433-440
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Bioline Code: cs96084
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 4, No. 4, 1996, pp. 433-440
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Sow, A.A.; Hossner, L.R.; Unger, P.W. & Stewart, B.A.
Résumé
Dans les zones deficitaires en eau do sol comme les Hautes Plaines du Nord
du Texas, les pratiques culturales sont necessaires pour reduire le
ruissellement et retenir les eaux de pluie. Des etudes ont ete conduites a
Bushland, Texas, sur un sol Pullman argileux-limoneux (fine, mixed, thermic
Torrertic Paleustoll) pour ameliorer la teneur en eau du sol, l'utilisation
efficace en eau du sorgho [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] et les
rendements. Les traitements etaient le labour conventionel plus les
billions cloisonnes (FD), le labour conventionel (CT), sans labour avec le
maintien des residus du ble (Triticum aestivum) sur les parcelles
(NT+), et sans labour et sans residus de ble (NT-). Les traitements FD et
NT+ se sont montres plus efficaces que les traitements CT et NT pour
l'amelioration du stockage des pluies en dimuant et meme en controlant le
ruissellement et en ameliorant I 'infiltration. L 'utilisation la plus
efficace en eau du sol avec les traitements FD et NT+ sest traduite par des
rendements plus eleves du sorgho. Le rendement moyen en grain avec le
traitement FD etait de 4840 kg par hectare, qui etait de 800 kg par hectare
plus que le rendement des traitements CT et NT-. Le rendement grain du
traitement NT+ etait 15 % superieur a celui du CT et 17% superieur acelui
du traitement NT-.
Mots Clés
Billions cloisonnes, culture conventionelle, sans culture, utilisation efficace d'eau.
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Effects of furrow diking and tillage on water storage, plant water use efficiency and yield of sorghum
Sow, A.A.; Hossner, L.R.; Unger, P.W. & Stewart, B.A.
Abstract
In water deficit areas, like the Texas Northern High Plains, cultural
practices are needed to reduce runoff and capture rain water. Studies were
conducted at Bushland, Texas, on Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic
Torrertic Paleustoll) to improve water storage, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor
(L.) Moench) water use efficiency, and grain yield. Treatments were
conventional tillage plus furrow diking (FD), conventional tillage (CT),
no-tillage with wheat Triticum aestivum residue maintained on the
plots (NT+) and no-tillage with wheat residue removed (NT-). The FD and NT+
treatments were more effective than CT and NT treatments for improving
precipitation storage by reducing and even preventing runoff and increasing
infiltration. The more efficient use of soil water with the FD and NT+
treatments were reflected in greater sorghum grain yield. Average grain
yield with the FD treatment was 4840 kg ha-1, which was about 800 kg ha-1
more than with the CT and NT-treatments. Grain yield with the NT+ treatment
was 15 % greater than with the CT and 17% greater than with the
NT-treatment.
Keywords
Furrow diking, conventional tillage, no-tillage, water use efficiency
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© Copyright 1996 - African Crop Science Society
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