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African Health Sciences
Makerere University Medical School
ISSN: 1680-6905 EISSN: 1680-6905
Vol. 11, No. 4, 2011, pp. 526-534
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Bioline Code: hs11108
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge
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African Health Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 4, 2011, pp. 526-534
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Inhibitors caveolin-1 and protein kinase G show differential subcellular colocalization with Nitric oxide synthase
Adebola, TJ & Usha, Raj
Abstract
Background:
Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is negatively regulated by protein-protein interactions with caveolin-1 before extracellular activating signals release it for nitric oxide (NO) production. Smooth muscle protein kinase G (PKG) is a down-stream effector of NO signaling for relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC). The PKG is also found in endothelial cells and it inhibits activated NOS within endothelial cells.
Methods:
We used confocal fluorescence microscopy to colocalize the inhibitors caveolin-1 and PKG with NOS in freshly isolated neonatal lamb endothelial cells in order to corroborate the speculation of their differential effects on NOS. The roles of caveolin-1 and PKG as regulators of NOS were investigated by examining their respective subcellular sites of colocalization with NOS using qualitative fluorescence immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy.
Results:
Caveolin-1 was colocalized with NOS in the plasma membrane and Golgi. The PKG1-beta isoform was colocalized with serine116 phosphorylated NOS in the cytosol and in vesicular structures seen in the endoplasmic reticulum and in the nuclear region.
Conclusion:
We conclude that unlike caveolin-1, a known pre-activation inhibitor of nascent NOS, PKG may be a postactivation inhibitor of NOS, possibly important for the recycling of the spent enzyme.
Keywords
caveolin-1, protein kinase G, nitric oxide synthase
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