One of the main opportunistic fungal infections amongst immunocompromised individuals is oral candidosis, which has been found in up to 90% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. This study employed yeasts isolated from the saliva and oral cavities of 114 HIV-infected patients living in Campinas, São Paulo. Of the isolates, 57.8% were identified as
Candida albicans
and 42.1% as non-
C. albicans. The latter isolates were subsequently identified as
C. krusei (7.5%),
C. lusitaniae (5.2%),
C. tropicalis (4.6%),
C. parapsilosis (4.6%),
C. glabrata (2.8%),
C. kefyr (1.7%),
C. guilliermondii (1.7%),
C. intermedia (1.1%),
C. norvegensis (0.5%), and
Rhodotorula rubra
(1.7%). Susceptibility of the isolates to amphotericin B, fluconazole, miconazole, and itraconazole was also determined by a microdilution method adopted by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. The isolates demonstrated various susceptibilities to the antifungal agents. In particular 29
C. albicans and 13 non-
C. albicans isolates showed low susceptibility to FLCZ (> 64 μg/ml). This study revealed huge diversity of
Candida
species, in particular the increasing emergence of non-
C. albicans associated with the oral flora of HIV-infected patients.
