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Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
ISSN: 1596-5996
EISSN: 1596-5996
Vol. 7, No. 4, 2008, pp. 1143-1149
Bioline Code: pr08037
Full paper language: English
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 7, No. 4, 2008, pp. 1143-1149

 en In-vitro Antimicrobial and Antitumor Activities of Stevia Rebaudiana (Asteraceae) Leaf Extracts
Jayaraman, Sathishkumar; Manoharan, Muthu Saravanan & Illanchezian, Seethalakshmi

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the antimicrobial and antitumor activities of Stevia rebaudiana check for this species in other resources (Asteraceae) leaf extracts.
Methods: Four solvent extracts (ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform and water) of Stevia rebaudiana leaves were investigated against Staphylococcus aureus check for this species in other resources , Salmonella typhi check for this species in other resources , Escherichia coli check for this species in other resources , Bacillus subtilis check for this species in other resources , Aeromonas hydrophila check for this species in other resources and Vibrio cholerae check for this species in other resources by using agar well diffusion method. Candida albicans check for this species in other resources , Cryptococcus neoformans check for this species in other resources , Trichophyton mentagrophytes check for this species in other resources and Epidermophyton check for this species in other resources species were used to test anti-yeast and antifungal activity. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts on Vero and HEp2 cells were assayed using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide [MTT].
Results: Among the four extracts tested, acetone extract had effective antibacterial potential, followed by ethyl acetate extract. The acetone extract showed greater activity against Gram-positive than against Gram-negative organisms. All the extracts were active against Epidermophyton species and Candida albicans . The 1:8 dilution of the acetone extract was non-toxic to normal cells and also had both anticancer and anti-proliferative activities against cancerous cells.
Conclusion: The study confirms the antimicrobial and antitumor activities of Stevia rebaudiana leaves extracted using various solvents, and is therefore, a potential drug that requires further studies and development.

Keywords
Stevia rebaudiana; Antibacterial; Antifungal; Antitumor; HEp2 cells; MTT assay

 
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