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Zootecnia Tropical
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas Venezuela
ISSN: 0798-7269
Vol. 27, No. 1, 2009, pp. 79-90
Bioline Code: zt09010
Full paper language: Spanish
Document type: Research Article
Document available free of charge

Zootecnia Tropical, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2009, pp. 79-90

 es Identificación de factores que afectan al crecimiento y la supervivencia de la ostra de mangle, Crassostrea rhizophorae check for this species in other resources (Guilding, 1828), bajo condiciones de cultivo suspendido en la laguna de La Restinga, Isla de Margarita, Venezuela
Buitrago, Esperanza; Buitrago, Joaquín; Freites, Luis & Lodeiros, César

Resumen

La ostra de mangle, Crassostrea rhizophorae check for this species in other resources , es uno de los moluscos con mayores perspectivas para el desarrollo de la acuicultura en el Caribe y costa atlántica tropical. Aunque se han realizado estudios para establecer su cultivo, no se ha determinado la influencia de los factores ambientales en el desarrollo bajo condiciones de cultivo. Individuos de 30 mm fueron cultivados en cestas españolas a 4 m de profundidad en la laguna de La Restinga, Isla de Margarita, Venezuela. Mensualmente se determinaron la longitud y masa de la concha, así como la masa del tejido blando y los organismos y material depositado sobre las valvas (fouling), además de la supervivencia. La temperatura se registró continuamente y semanalmente se observó la transparencia del agua y se determinaron la salinidad, oxígeno, seston (total, orgánico e inorgánico) y la biomasa fitoplanctónica. La longitud dorso-ventral incrementó 89%, alcanzando tallas de 54,5 mm y 0,48 g de tejido seco, luego de recuperarse de una disminución en los meses de agosto a septiembre (meses cálidos), sugiriendo a la temperatura como un factor importante en el desove. La elevada y constante biomasa fitoplanctónica en el sistema de manglar mostró que la disponibilidad de alimento no fue limitante, lo que en conjunto con la poca variabilidad en los factores ambientales estudiados no permitieron una clara identificación de factores que afectan la varianza observada en la masa de los tejidos blandos y la sobrevivencia de C. rhizophorae en condiciones de cultivo suspendido, con la excepción de la incidencia eventual de gasterópodos depredadores del género Cymatium check for this species in other resources .

Palabras-clave
bivalvo, cultivo de moluscos, factores ambientales, predadores, sobrevivencia

 
 en Identification of environmental factors affecting growth and survival of the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae check for this species in other resources (Guilding, 1828), in suspended culture at La Restinga lagoon, Margarita Island, Venezuela
Buitrago, Esperanza; Buitrago, Joaquín; Freites, Luis & Lodeiros, César

Abstract

Mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae check for this species in other resources , is one of the mollusks with greatest perspectives for aquaculture development in the Caribbean and the tropical Atlantic coast. Even though, many studies have been carried out to establish its culture, there has not been established which and how environmental factors influence its growth under culture condition. Spats with a mean size of 30 mm were suspended in “Spanish baskets” at a depth of 4 m during 6 months. The experiment was carried on at La Restinga lagoon, Margarita Island, Venezuela. Each month oysters were measured (ventral-dorsal and antero-posterior), and weighted (dry weight from conch, tissue and fouling). Survivorship was also evaluated. Water temperature was recorded continuously and weekly measurements of Secchi depth, salinity, oxygen, total, organic and inorganic seston, and chlorophyll a were determined. Results show 89% increase in ventral-dorsal size reaching sizes of 54.5 mm. Dry weight of tissue at the end of the study period was 0.48 g after a decrease during the warmer months of august and september, indicating temperature as an important factor controlling spawning. The high and constant phytoplanktonic biomass present in La Restinga lagoon showed that food availability was not a limiting factor, which together with the small variability in the studied environmental variables, made impossible to identify factors controlling growth and survival of Crassostrea rhizophorae in long-line suspended culture. The exception was the occasional predation by Cymatium check for this species in other resources snails.

Keywords
mangrove oyster culture, growth, predation, survival, environmental factors.

 
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